Analysis of Factors Affecting Gear Oil Pump Performance:
- Structural Factors Affecting Gear Oil Pump Performance:
Structural issues during manufacturing can impact the pump’s efficiency. For example, oil entrapment in external gear stainless steel pumps reduces volumetric efficiency and supply capacity. Uneven radial forces can cause shaft bending, gear tooth contact with the pump body, friction, and reduced bearing life. End-face leakage also reduces volumetric efficiency. - Application Factors:
The type of hydraulic oil, oil temperature, and compatibility with hydraulic components also influence stainless steel gear pump performance. - Operational Factors Affecting Gear Oil Pump:
Incorrect suction position can cause poor suction or low flow rate. Causes include too high suction position, low oil level, clogged filter, or excessive oil temperature. Operating without oil (“dry running”) can damage the pump. Other issues like crack gaps cause low pressure. Installation errors, vibration, noise, gear jamming due to misalignment, coupling misalignment, undersized suction pipes, air ingress, improper clearances, malfunctioning pressure valves, or oil contamination can cause abnormal operation or seizure. - Performance Development Trends:
Gear oil pumps are evolving towards zero leakage and low noise designs. - Improvement Measures:
Structural improvements include adding pressure relief grooves to solve oil entrapment, reducing pressure port sizes to balance radial forces, and automatic compensation to reduce end-face leakage. Operational improvements focus on proper maintenance, selecting suitable hydraulic oil, controlling oil temperature, preventing contamination, maintaining oil levels, and ensuring proper component matching. - Summary of Structural Issues:
Oil entrapment, uneven radial force, and end-face leakage are key structural factors affecting pump performance.
Basic Working Principle:
A gear oil pump has two identical gears rotating inside a closely fitted housing shaped like a figure “8”. Material enters through the inlet, fills the space between gears, and is pushed along the housing as gears rotate and mesh, expelling the fluid.
Causes and Solutions for Gear Oil Pump Overheating
Improper Pressure Valve Adjustment in Pump and Hydraulic System:
Wear in pump parts (distribution plate, cylinder block, slippers, swashplate) causes rapid heating and noise. Excessive internal leakage from worn gear end-faces and large gear tooth gaps increases heat and reduces main pump function. Overflow valve pressure set too high or low causes overheating by pump overload or frequent unloading.Solution: Repair worn parts or replace them; adjust overflow valve pressure properly.
Excess Oil in Shock Absorber Box:
Overfilling oil beyond the sight glass causes heat generation due to rotation friction. Oil leaks from worn shaft seals can also cause overfill.Solution: Drain excess oil to proper level; replace worn seals.
Poor Radiator Cooling Performance:
Blocked or deformed cooling fins, insufficient fan airflow, or clogged internal tubes reduce cooling. Pressure difference measurement across radiator tubes can identify blockage.Solution: Clean fins, tighten belts, and clear internal tubes.
Pump Overload or Tight Seals:
Operating beyond rated flow or pressure, overly tight packing, or overly tight seal springs cause increased friction and heat.Solution: Operate within specifications and adjust seals properly.
Unreasonable Hydraulic Piping Layout:
Sharp bends and undersized piping cause pressure loss and heat generation.Solution: Optimize piping layout to reduce pressure losses and improve flow.